Ngesikhathi umntwana ezalwa, omama abaningi abalindelekile bazimisele ukuhlomile ngokugcwele.
Ukulungele imithi edingekayo, ukufaka impahla yabo kanye nezingubo ezincane zomntwana, amadokhumenti ahloliwe namarekhodi wezokwelapha. Abanye bazama ukwakha igumbi labantwana elihle futhi elihle, ukuthenga amathoyizi angcono kakhulu.
Umvuthwandaba wokukhulelwa ungasondela futhi konke kulungele ukubukeka kwemvuthuluka. Futhi osondelene nalo mzuzu, umama okhathazeka kakhulu. Yiqiniso, indawo yokuqala yinjabulo ngenhlalakahle yokulethwa kwezidingo.
Kodwa kukhona nokwesaba ukuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubona ukungabikho kokuqala kwenqubo yomsebenzi.
I-Physiology ye-contractions ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ukuzizwa kwemizwelo yabesifazane abakhulelwe kuhlotshaniswa nokuntula kolwazi oluthembekile futhi, okuyiqiniso, okuhlangenwe nakho. Ngesizathu esithile ukulwa, naphezu kwemvelo yalesi senzakalo, ifaniswe ngezinganekwane. Futhi izindaba ezimbi zabangane abahlangane nakho zikhuphula isimo. Owesifazane ngamunye unesisindo somzimba wakhe. Futhi ukwazi izimo zemizimba yesigaba ngasinye, kuhambisane nokulwa, futhi lapho ufunde ukuphendula kahle, ungakwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu futhi unciphise isimo sakho.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni?
Imvelo yakhelwe futhi ibalwe emininingwaneni encane kakhulu. Yonke inqubo yokukhulelwa iqala ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm yendawo yonke, futhi ushintsho emazweni lwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lamahomoni aholayo ngomzuzwana othile. I-hormone ye-progesterone ekhulelwe, eyagcina ngempumelelo zonke izinyanga ze-9 kanye nezwi lesisu, nokuthuthukiswa kwengane ngaphambi kokubeletha kuhlinzekela i-estrogen ne-oxytocin.
I-cervix, ivalwe ngokuqinile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ivimbela ukuvulwa kwe-uterine pharynx nokungena kwezifo ngaphakathi. Ngaphambi kokubeletha, kufanele ivule, ikhulule indlela yomntwana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izicubu zakhe kufanele zibe ezithambile futhi zisezingeni eliphezulu. Ngalo msebenzi, i-estrogen yenza kahle kakhulu. Wenza futhi isibeletho sizwele i-oxytocin ne-prostaglandins. Ngaphansi kwethonya labo, izingxube zezindonga ze-uterine ziqala, okuvumela umntwana ukuba athathe isikhundla esifanele futhi ahambisane nomsele wokuzalwa.
Ukuqhathaniswa nokulinganisela kwama-hormone
Ukuqhekeka kwemisipha kwesibeletho futhi kuthiwa yiziphazamiso ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuyinto, kuye ngezikhathi, ezinomqondo ohlukile. Ngokweqhekeka ngalunye imisipha yesisu idonsa intamo, ukuze ivule. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, umlomo wesibeletho uvula u-12 cm, kanti lesi sibeletho sithinta ubulili. Inqubo yonke ihambisane nokushintsha emazingeni ama-hormone, okukhiqizwa ngamandla nge-placenta, i-pituitary gland kanye ne-fetus.
I-Strange njengoba ingase ibonakale, kodwa ukwesaba okungathinta umsebenzi wokukhiqiza. Uyakwazi ukwandisa kokubili isikhathi samalungiselelo okulungiselela, okuyinto esusa amandla kumama, nokuzwa okubuhlungu. I-hormone i-cortisol ne-adrenaline, ekhishwa egazini elingaphansi kokucindezeleka, ukwesaba nokukhathazeka, ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ajwayelekile ajwayelekile.
Ngakho-ke, izincomo mayelana nesimo sengqondo phakathi nokulwa kunenkcazelo enengqondo ngokuphelele.
Izindlela zokungalungi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Izinguquko ebhalansi ye-hormonal zenzeka phakathi nokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, iziphazamiso ze-uterine zingenzeka isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokubeletha. Ngale ndlela, lesi sibeletho nesisu sesibeletho sikulungele ukubeletha esikhathini esizayo. Lezi zingqinamba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nazo zibizwa ngokuthi amanga, ukuqeqesha noma i-Braxton Hicks.
Ziyini imizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Yiqiniso, abesifazane ababelethayo bazohlukanisa kalula izikhwama zamanga ezivela ezingokoqobo. Lezizwelo ezingenakulibaleka azikwazi ukudideka, noma nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlungu. Kodwa indlela yokuziphathisa abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala? Ayikho iphuzu lazo zonke izimpawu ezingaqondakali zokuya esibhedlela. Udinga ukugxila emizweni yakho:
I-1. Lezi zwi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa cishe azibangeli ubuhlungu, kodwa, cishe, zingakhululekile ngendlela yokudonsa noma ukuzwa ukuzwa. Isibeletho sibonakala siphenduka, okuyizinto abanye abazi kakade ngesikhathi esise-tonus. Ukwehla kuvezwa phezulu noma phansi kwesisu, kunganikeza ku-groin.
I-2. Izinzwa zobuhlungu zigxilwe endaweni eyodwa futhi zingenwe ezansi nakwezinye izindawo.
I-3. Kubonakala ngokungalindelekile futhi kancane kancane kuphele. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlwa noma ebusuku, lapho umzimba ukhululekile futhi umama ulalela imizwa yabo. Abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, bazizwa bengakhululekile ngemva kokusebenza ngokomzimba noma ukucindezeleka.
I-4. Zibonakala ngokungahambisani nesikhathi esifushane. Ubude bomsebenzi wamanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akudluli umzuzu. Futhi ziphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezingavamile. Kungase kuphakame futhi izikhathi eziningana (kuze kube yi-6) ngehora, noma ngisho nosuku.
Indlela efanele yokuthola ukuqina kwezingqinamba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukurekhoda ubude bayo kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani nokulwa kwangempela, izinzwa nabangamanga ngeke zikhule, kodwa zizoxoshwa.
Yini engabangela ukuphikisana kwamanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo kwesibeletho kwenzeka esikhathini esiningi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa ukuzwa ukuthi ama-ams azo azoqala ngemuva kwamasonto e-20. Ngendlela yokuzalwa, amathuba okuba khona okwenziweyo akhula. Abanye besifazane banenhlanhla ngokwanele ukuba bangaboni umsebenzi wezandla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi lokhu akuyona inkinga yokugula. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ayikho ukuhlelwa kokulungiselela. Kulula nje, kungenzeka ukuthi angeke abe namandla kakhulu, noma umama wesikhathi esizayo akazange abone, akazange afake ukubaluleka. Futhi, umbono wezisebenzi ezingamanga ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kuxhomeke ekuzweleni komuntu ngamunye.
Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezivusa amadlingozi ezandisa amathuba okunciphisa ubuhlungu obuhlungu. Izindlela zokungalungi zingabonakala ngaphansi kwethonya:
• umsebenzi womzimba;
• Umsebenzi ohlukumezayo we-fetus;
• ukucindezeleka nokushaywa usulu;
• Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni;
• isisindo esikhulayo;
• umsebenzi wocansi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka ukukhishwa kwamanga?
Kulezi ziguli eziningi ezikhulelwe, izibhamu ezingamanga azibangeli ukukhathazeka okwesabisayo. Kodwa kwabanye besifazane abanesihlungu esiphakeme, ukusika ukuqeqeshwa esibelethweni kuba ukuhlushwa kwangempela. Kulesi simo kunconywa ukuthi:
I-1. Sebenzisa okugeza okufudumele noma eshaweni uma kungekho okuphikisanayo. Amanzi afudumele anganciphisa ukungezwani kwemisipha. A, amafutha anamakha ahlanganiswe emanzini, azokwenza ukuthi isimiso sezinzwa sithule.
I-2. Hamba ukuhamba. Umoya omusha nokuhamba kancane kuzonciphisa ukungakhululeki.
I-3. Shintsha i-pos. Isimo esingakhululekile singabangela ukuhlukumeza kwesibeletho.
I-4. Lala phansi uphumule. Umculo othakazelisayo nama-aromas aphunga amafutha azosiza ekuqedeni ukungakhululeki.
Izindlela zokungalungi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - isizathu esihle sokusebenzisa ulwazi lokuphefumula okufanele ngesikhathi sokulwa.
Uma ukucutshungulwa kokuqeqeshwa kukhathazekile eduze kokubeletha, udinga ukulandela ezinye izimpawu. Njengoba ukuqeqeshwa okunjalo kungaphumelela ekugqokeni izingubo kungena empini yangempela yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi kubonakalise ukuqala komsebenzi.
Ungaqala kanjani ukuvimbela kwangempela ekukhulelwe?
Ukuphambana kwangempela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuqala ngokuzumayo. Ungakhathazeki, akunakwenzeka ukuvumela lokhu kwenzeke. Ngisho nokuqala kokulwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula ebusuku, kuzovusa umama ozayo. Kuleli phuzu, ngokucacile ngeke kube ukulala. Abesifazane ngezindlela ezahlukene bachaza ukuqala komsebenzi. Kodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi owesifazane uzizwa kanjani, akakwazi ukudideka nokucutshungulwa koqeqesho.
Izibhamu zangempela zivezwa:
• njalo;
• Ubuhlungu obandayo.
• Ukunciphisa kokunciphisa izikhala phakathi kwezingqinamba;
• ukwanda esikhathini sokuphela.
Yini eyokutshela mayelana nendlela yokulethwa?
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kokusebenza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, owesifazane angabona kusengaphambili indlela yokufinyelela kwezinguquko ezenzeka kuye. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokulinganisela kwe-hormonal ngokushesha ngaphambi kokubeletha kuqala:
I-1. Kanciphisa kancane isisindo ngamakhilogremu amathathu noma umise ukusetha okuningi. I-2. Ukulahlekelwa ukudla.
I-2. Ukukhombisa ukucindezeleka ngokweqile. Ukusabela okungenele ezenzakalweni, amagama achazwa ngamazinga akhula we-estrogen.
I-3. Kukhona ushintsho kwemizwelo, ukuqonda.
I-4. Isimo sendawo yokuhlala sivela. Abesifazane abakhulelwe banesifiso sokuqala ukulungisa noma ukuhlanza, ukulungisa ifenisha.
I-5. UBelly phansi, okwenza umama ithuba ngokushesha ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuphefumula.
I-6. Nciphisa ukuvuvukala kobuso, izandla. Noma kunjalo, ukuvuvukala kungase kuvele emilenzeni ngenxa yomshoshaphansi we-fetus emathunjini aphansi nokucindezela kwezitsha.
I-7. Ukuzwa ubuhlungu emhlane ongezansi, okuchazwa ukuguqulwa esikhundleni se-fetus nokunwetshwa kwamathambo esithombeni.
Ukuvuthwa njalo, izinguquko ezitsheni kanye nokuhlanza kungenzeka. Zonke lezi zibonakaliso zizodwa: ukukhulelwa ngamunye kubonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene nangezikhathi ezahlukene.
Isibonakaliso esifanele sendlela yokudiliva ukuhamba kwesikhwama, okubonakala ngokufihla. Zingaba zombili ezibonakalayo, futhi zibe uhlobo olunegazi olunegazi olunegazi. Isikhumba singahamba njengamaviki ambalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha, futhi ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
I-kid iphinda ilungiselele inqubo ezayo futhi igweme ukunyakaza okubudlova.
Uma kuqhuma isisu, futhi amanzi eqala ukugeleza, ngisho ngaphandle kokulwa kuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, asikho isizathu sokungabaza ukuthi kuhambela kanjani ukuvakashela ikhaya lokubeletha. Lesi isibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuqala kwenqubo yesizukulwane.
Ngemva kokuhamba kwamanzi, ukulwa kuqala. Kodwa-ke noma ngabe kukhona ukugula okuhlukile futhi ukuphazamiseka akuqali, udinga ukuya esibhedlela ngokuphuthumayo.
Yikuphi ukuzwa okuhambisana nokuqala komsebenzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ukusikwa kokuqala abesifazane abaningi bahlukanise intuitively. Bangela ukungezwani esiswini nokudonsa ubuhlungu obuhlungu obuya emhlane ongezansi, ubuhlungu futhi ugqoke ibhande. Abanye baqhathanisa ukuzwa ngezinhlungu zokuya esikhathini, izikhathi eziningana kuphela ezinamandla. Isibeletho siyabamba futhi sibambe isandla esingabonakali ngaphakathi. Ukuqala phezulu kwesisu ngesineke njengoba ukukhwabanisa kukhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ubuhlungu buyaqina, bumboze sonke isisu. Izindwangu kanye namathambo e-pelvic kukhona ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu. Abanye besifazane bayabona ukuthi ubuhlungu obukhulu be-lumbar nokusabalalisa kwemizwa emilenzeni kuya ezinzwaneni. Kancane kancane, kukhishwa ubuhlungu, futhi kuvele isikhashana, kukuvumela ukuba uphumule.
Izinyathelo zokuqala zingadlulela kumasekhondi angu-15, futhi ikhefu liphakathi kwemizuzu engu-20-30. Isikhathi sokuqedwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sanda kancane kancane, kanti isikhathi sokuphumula sinciphisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinzwa ezibuhlungu zanda.
Yini owesifazane oyinhloko okufanele azi ngayo mayelana nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Kulaba besifazane abangenalutho, iziqephu ziqala izinhlungu ezincane, okunye okungafani nokungahambi kahle. Kodwa ngisho babangela ukwesaba. Kulezi zikhathi, udinga ukuzola futhi uphumule ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungaphikisani, zama ukuqeda ibhizinisi. Ngaphambili kusesebenza kanzima, kudinga amandla. Ukulwa ngaphambi kokubeletha ku-primiparas kunakho iphelile kuze kube yihora le-8-10.
Lesi sikhathi sizuzisa noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuzinikela ekuphumuzeni nasekuphumuzeni. Kunconywa abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba babhale isikhathi nesikhathi sokusebenza. Futhi akulula ukurekhoda isikhathi, kodwa ukurekhoda idatha. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunquma isikhathi lapho kufanele uhambe esibhedlela, nodokotela ukulandelela ukuguqulwa kwenqubo futhi ngesikhathi sokuthola ukuphutha okungenzeka.
Ubude bezinqamuzana, ezihambisana nobuhlungu, ukungezwani, kwanda kancane kancane. Futhi uma phakathi kwezingqinamba Izikhathi zizoba ngaphansi kwemizuzu ye-15, ungalibali ukuvakashela emtholampilo. Uma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sebenzisa phi kwezinso noma amanzi abasephula, waqala ukopha, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo shayela i-ambulense, esikhundleni sokulinda Kufinyeta njalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Kuvamile ukuthi abesifazane besabe futhi besabe ngaphambi kokuzalwa kokuqala. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala kufanele kube eceleni komuntu ovela ezihlotsheni. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, zizwa ubuhlungu, ngokushesha ubike ukuthi ubeletha izihlobo, abangane noma ngisho nomakhelwane.
Ku-primiparas kungabonwa umsebenzi obuthakathaka obunamandla obukhulu. Yingakho ngemva kwenkathi ethile Kufinyeta ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, imvamisa ezinzima futhi ezinzima ubuhlungu umfutho zingase ziphele futhi ubuhlungu wanyamalala ngokuphelele. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukulwa kwakungamanga. Kulokhu, idinga usizo kokulashwa okusheshayo, okuyinto uzokwazi ukubhekana imbangela isifo, ukuze ashukumise zabasebenzi. Ukungasebenzi kule simo kusongela impilo yengane kanye nowesifazane ekubelethweni.
Izici zomsebenzi osanda kubeletha kubesifazane bokuzala
Abesifazane ababeletha kusengaphambili banomuzwa wokubeletha. Ngokwezici eziyinhloko, bangakwazi ukubikezela ukuqala kwenqubo. Kodwa-ke, uma emva kokubeletha kwangaphambilini akuphelile iminyaka emihlanu, konke izinqubo zingasheshiswa. Umzimba, onenkumbulo yemisipha, uvumelane kalula nezinguquko futhi uziphendulela ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izicubu zomlomo wesibeletho zingakafiki ifomu lokubeletha. Banda ngokushesha, futhi isibeletho sivula. Ngokungafani nabesifazane abakhulu, Ukunciphisa umlomo wesibeletho kwenzeka ngesikhathi kanye nokuvula.
Ubuhlungu ezimpini zama-moles buqala ngokushesha kakhulu. ukudabuka Okuningi ezivamile esinyeni futhi ukudedelwa kwamanzi. Yimihelo isikhathi isikhathi eside kunaleso amahora ayisithupha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela ukulethwa okusheshayo. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo womama akusiyo efiselekayo ukuhlehlisa evakashele umtholampilo kuze kube muva nje. Uma ungafuni ukuba babelethe ekhaya noma ambulensi esibhedlela kufanele uhambe ngokushesha lapho kuqala Kufinyeta, noma unakekele lo kusengaphambili bese ulinda okufukuzwa kulo esibhedlela ngaphansi observation.
Ngokungafani nenqubo yokuqala yokubeletha ayikhuthazi, kodwa zama ukunciphisa. Ngesikhathi sokulethwa okusheshayo, kunamathuba aphezulu okulimala kwezingane futhi aphuka kumfazi ohamba phambili. Ngakho-ke, owesifazane kufanele alalele izincomo zodokotela ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha.
Indlela yokuziphatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ukuhlukana phakathi nokukhulelwa kuyothuthuka, kuqhubeke isikhathi eside, futhi ubuhlungu buyaqina. Izinzwa ezibuhlungu zimboze cishe umzimba wonke, unganiki ithuba lokuphumula, kodwa ngokuzenzekelayo uhlangene nochungechunge lokuhlaselwa. Kubonakala kowesifazane ukuthi lokhu ngeke kuphele. Ngesikhathi esibuhlungu obukhulu besifazane obelethayo, odokotela banganikela nge-painkillers. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela isimo sakho.
Imvelo inikeza i-anesthesia yemvelo emanzini. I-hormone endorphin, eyenziwa yi-pituitary gland, inganciphisa ubuhlungu. Kodwa le nqubo ingcono kakhulu. Ukumemeza, izinyembezi, ukwesaba, imizwa eqinile, ukwethuka kungakwazi ukuphula le ndlela futhi kukhulise isimo. Akunakwenzeka ukuphumula ngokomzimba, ukucindezeleka kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngesikhathi besakhulelwe bayanconywa:
I-1. Sebenzisa amasu okuphumula, ahlangana nabo emfundweni.
I-2. Zama ukuthatha ama-poses, lapho ubuhlungu abukhuni khona. Ungakwazi nje ukuhamba. Omunye usiza i-pos on haunches yakhe, kuzo zonke ezine.
I-3. Isikhathi esiphakathi komsebenzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuphumula.
I-4. Phakathi nokulwa, ikakhulukazi ebuhlungu obukhulu, sebenzisa amasu okuphefumula. Ukuphefumula okuvamile njalo kuzosula isimo.
I-5. Faka isicelo sokusikhipha ubuhlungu be-anesthetic. Ukusilalisa kusizwa endaweni yesikhumba, sacrum noma intamo.
I-6. Ungayeki usizo lwezihlobo futhi ulalele izincomo zodokotela.
Khumbula, zonke izimpi ezintsha ngesikhathi ukhulelwe ziletha umzuzu omuhle wokubukeka komntwana.
Uyakwesaba ngalezi zinsuku: ngenxa yesizathu esithile isisu sesifuba sesinesihluku. Zonke izinzwa ezibuhlungu zizokhohlwa ngokushesha. Futhi lolu suku luyoba usuku oluhle kunazo zonke empilweni yemvuthuluka yakho.